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Irmgard Flügge-Lotz
Irmgard Flügge-Lotz, née ''Irmgard Lotz'' (16 July 1903 - 22 May 1974) was a German mathematician and engineer, best known for her work on the mathematics of aerodynamics, and for being the first female engineering professor at the Stanford University.
==Life==
Lotz was born in Hamelin, Germany on 16 July 1903. After her father, Osark, a travelling journalist, was drafted for military service in World War I, the young Irmgard helped the family by becoming a math tutor. By high school and through college, she practically supported her family single-handedly. In college she was often the only woman in her class. In 1929 she earned a doctorate in engineering, but she had a tough time getting engineering jobs. Lotz went to work for the Aerodynamics Institute in Göttingen. After she solved a peculiarly thorny equation pertaining to wing lift distribution called the "Lotz-Methode" (Lotz-Method), Lotz was promoted to team leader. In 1938, she married Wilhelm Flügge, a civil engineer, and the pair moved first to Berlin and later to the small town of Saulgau.
After World War II, there was no need for the Flügges to undergo a denazification investigation, and they moved to France, and later to the United States, where they taught at Stanford. Flügge-Lotz started new engineering courses dealing with the mathematics of aerodynamics. She worked on what she called "discontinuous automatic control," which laid the foundation for automatic on-off aircraft control systems in jets. In spite of suffering debilitating arthritis, Flügge-Lotz continued her engineering research even through retirement.
Flügge-Lotz died in Stanford Hospital on 22 May 1974 after a long illness.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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